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◆ SERIES · 3 POSTS

Directive Deep Dive

'use client', 'use server', 'use cache'. Following what a single line at the top of a file turns into at build time and at runtime, all the way down to the source

README

A directive in React and Next.js is nothing more than a string written on the first line of a file. What that line produces, however, is far more than a string. The module graph splits, functions turn into network endpoints, and cache boundaries appear. This series starts from that gap: directives are easy to write but hard to explain.

Each of the three parts takes one of 'use client', 'use server', and 'use cache', and follows what transformation the directive goes through at build time and what code it runs as at runtime, going down into the bundler and React source. The version tag of the analyzed source is pinned at the start of each part, so if later versions change something, you can compare against that baseline.

Since the series is closer to one topic, boundaries, split into three, the order does not matter much. That said, the first part on the client boundary sets up the terminology for the other two.

03 ITEMS

All posts

in order
01

'use client' Directive Deep Dive: To the Edge of Client Boundaries

#react#nextjs#bundler
Module boundaries created by a single line of 'use client', build-time transformations, Flight serialization, and performance implications
2026-05-0133 min · read
02

React Server Functions Deep Dive: To the End of "use server"

#react#nextjs#networking
What happens behind a single line of "use server"?
2026-03-0926 min · read
03

'use cache' Directive Deep Dive: To the End of Cache Boundaries

#react#nextjs#caching
Build-time transformations, cache key serialization, ResumeDataCache, cacheHandler, and Cache Components - everything created by a single 'use cache' line
2026-05-01Updated 2026-09-04
40 min · read
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